Linux查看(修改)用户密码属性-chage

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提醒：本文最后更新于2019-07-17 23:41，文中所关联的信息可能已发生改变，请知悉！

[v_act]格式：chage [OPTION]… LOGIN
    -l UserName：查看帐户密码属性信息
    -d YYYY-MM-DD Username：设置账户最近一次密码修改时间；用户登录必需修改密码(-d 0)
    -E YYYY-MM-DD Username：设置账户过期时间；如为-1则表示用户一直可用
    -I N UserName：N为数字；指定密码过期天数(密码过期后多少天用户被锁定)；在此时间段内用户依然可以登录系统并更改密码
    -m N UserName：N为数字；指定密码最小使用天数(密码使用最小多少天才可更改密码)；默认为0表示无限制(禁用此功能)
    -M N UserName：N为数字；指定密码最大使用天数(密码使用最大多少天需要更改密码)；默认为99999永不过期
    -W N UserName：N为数字；指定密码过期前警告天数(密码过期前多少天警告用户更改密码)；默认过期前7天警告[/v_act]

-l UserName：查看帐户密码属性信息

[root@localhost ~]# chage -l user3
Last password change                                    : Dec 15, 2017
Password expires                                        : never
Password inactive                                       : never
Account expires                                         : never
Minimum number of days between password change          : 0
Maximum number of days between password change          : 99999
Number of days of warning before password expires       : 7

Last password change：账户最近一次密码修改时间
Password expires：密码过期时间
Password inactive：密码失效时间
Account expires：帐户过期时间
Minimum number of days between password change：改密相距最小天数
Maximum number of days between password change：改密相距最达天数
Number of days of warning before password expires：密码过期前警告天数

-d YYYY-MM-DD Username：设置账户最近一次密码修改时间；用户登录必需修改密码(-d 0)

[root@localhost ~]# chage -d 2017-03-20 user3
[root@localhost ~]# chage -l user3
Last password change                                    : Mar 20, 2017
Password expires                                        : never
Password inactive                                       : never
Account expires                                         : never
Minimum number of days between password change          : 0
Maximum number of days between password change          : 99999
Number of days of warning before password expires       : 7

[root@localhost ~]# chage -d 0 user3
[root@localhost ~]# chage -l user3
Last password change					: password must be changed
Password expires					: password must be changed
Password inactive					: password must be changed
Account expires						: never
Minimum number of days between password change		: 0
Maximum number of days between password change		: 99999
Number of days of warning before password expires	: 7

-E YYYY-MM-DD Username：设置账户过期时间；如为-1则表示用户一直可用

[root@localhost ~]# chage -E 2017-03-20 user3 
[root@localhost ~]# chage -l user3           
Last password change                                    : Mar 20, 2017
Password expires                                        : never
Password inactive                                       : never
Account expires                                         : Mar 20, 2017
Minimum number of days between password change          : 0
Maximum number of days between password change          : 99999
Number of days of warning before password expires       : 7

[root@localhost ~]# chage -E -1 user3              
[root@localhost ~]# chage -l user3   
Last password change                                    : Mar 20, 2017
Password expires                                        : never
Password inactive                                       : never
Account expires                                         : never
Minimum number of days between password change          : 0
Maximum number of days between password change          : 99999
Number of days of warning before password expires       : 7

-I N UserName：N为数字；指定密码过期天数(密码过期后多少天用户被锁定)；在此时间段内用户依然可以登录系统并更改密码

[root@localhost ~]# chage -I 5 user3
[root@localhost ~]# chage -l user3   
Last password change                                    : Jul 17, 2017
Password expires                                        : Jul 19, 2017
Password inactive                                       : Jul 24, 2017
Account expires                                         : never
Minimum number of days between password change          : 0
Maximum number of days between password change          : 2
Number of days of warning before password expires       : 7

[v_error]说明：如密码最大使用天数为永不过期时则密码过期天数配置无效[/v_error]

-m N UserName：N为数字；指定密码最小使用天数(密码使用最小多少天才可更改密码)；默认为0表示无限制(禁用此功能)

[root@localhost ~]# chage -l user3
Last password change                                    : Mar 20, 2017
Password expires                                        : never
Password inactive                                       : never
Account expires                                         : never
Minimum number of days between password change          : 0
Maximum number of days between password change          : 99999
Number of days of warning before password expires       : 7
[root@localhost ~]# chage -m 5 user3 
[root@localhost ~]# chage -l user3  
Last password change                                    : Mar 20, 2017
Password expires                                        : never
Password inactive                                       : never
Account expires                                         : never
Minimum number of days between password change          : 5
Maximum number of days between password change          : 99999
Number of days of warning before password expires       : 7

-M N UserName：N为数字；指定密码最大使用天数(密码使用最大多少天需要更改密码)；默认为99999永不过期

[root@localhost ~]# chage -l user3  
Last password change                                    : Mar 20, 2017
Password expires                                        : never
Password inactive                                       : never
Account expires                                         : never
Minimum number of days between password change          : 5
Maximum number of days between password change          : 99999
Number of days of warning before password expires       : 7
[root@localhost ~]# chage -M 30 user3
[root@localhost ~]# chage -l user3   
Last password change                                    : Mar 20, 2017
Password expires                                        : Apr 19, 2017
Password inactive                                       : Apr 24, 2017
Account expires                                         : never
Minimum number of days between password change          : 5
Maximum number of days between password change          : 30
Number of days of warning before password expires       : 7

-W N UserName：N为数字；指定密码过期前警告天数(密码过期前多少天警告用户更改密码)；默认过期前7天警告

[root@localhost ~]# chage -l user3   
Last password change                                    : Mar 20, 2017
Password expires                                        : Apr 19, 2017
Password inactive                                       : Apr 24, 2017
Account expires                                         : never
Minimum number of days between password change          : 5
Maximum number of days between password change          : 30
Number of days of warning before password expires       : 7
[root@localhost ~]# chage -W 15 user3 
[root@localhost ~]# chage -l user3   
Last password change                                    : Mar 20, 2017
Password expires                                        : Apr 19, 2017
Password inactive                                       : Apr 24, 2017
Account expires                                         : never
Minimum number of days between password change          : 5
Maximum number of days between password change          : 30
Number of days of warning before password expires       : 15

[v_error]Ubuntu系统请配合sudo使用：sudo chage[/v_error]