Rockylinux 9.x 部署KVM环境

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1、硬件：需要在BIOS内开启CPU虚拟化支持；各硬件开启方式不同，这块大家自行百度。
2、系统：最小化安装，Update系统，关闭SELinux和防火墙。

1、执行命令（egrep ‘(vmx|svm)’ /proc/cpuinfo）查看系统CPU是否支持VT功能，结果中有vmx（Intel）或svm（AMD）字样就说明CPU支持。
2、安装虚拟化包组：dnf group install -y “Virtualization Host”

# dnf group install -y "Virtualization Host"
Last metadata expiration check: 0:00:06 ago on Sun 20 Jul 2025 09:24:40 PM CST.
Dependencies resolved.
==================================================================================================================
 Package                                    Arch       Version                                Repository     Size
==================================================================================================================
Upgrading:
 NetworkManager                             x86_64     1:1.52.0-4.el9_6                       baseos        2.3 M
 NetworkManager-libnm                       x86_64     1:1.52.0-4.el9_6                       baseos        1.9 M
......此处省略......
 sscg                                       x86_64     3.0.0-7.el9                            appstream      45 k
Installing Environment Groups:
 Virtualization Host
Installing Groups:
 Base
 Core
 Standard
 Virtualization Hypervisor
 Virtualization Tools

Transaction Summary
==================================================================================================================
Install  227 Packages
Upgrade   40 Packages

Total download size: 1.0 G
Downloading Packages:
(1/267): device-mapper-event-libs-1.02.202-6.el9.x86_64.rpm                       198 kB/s |  31 kB     00:00
......此处省略......
(267/267): iwl7260-firmware-25.30.13.0-151.2.el9_6.noarch.rpm                     2.3 MB/s |  66 MB     00:27
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total                                                                              17 MB/s | 1.0 GB     00:59
Running transaction check
Transaction check succeeded.
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded.
Running transaction
  Running scriptlet: kmod-kvdo-8.2.5.10-161.el9.x86_64                                                        1/1
  Running scriptlet: linux-firmware-20250604-151.2.el9_6.noarch                                               1/1
  Preparing        :                                                                                          1/1
  Upgrading        : glibc-common-2.34-168.el9_6.20.x86_64                                                  1/307
......此处省略......
  Running scriptlet: glibc-2.34-168.el9_6.19.x86_64                                                       307/307
/usr/lib/sysusers.d/libvirt-qemu.conf:1: Conflict with earlier configuration for group 'kvm', ignoring line.

  Verifying        : device-mapper-event-libs-9:1.02.202-6.el9.x86_64                                       1/307
......此处省略......
  Verifying        : glibc-headers-2.34-168.el9_6.19.x86_64                                               307/307

Upgraded:
  NetworkManager-1:1.52.0-4.el9_6.x86_64                 NetworkManager-libnm-1:1.52.0-4.el9_6.x86_64
......此处省略......
  systemd-rpm-macros-252-51.el9_6.1.noarch               systemd-udev-252-51.el9_6.1.x86_64
Installed:
  PackageKit-1.2.6-1.el9.x86_64
......此处省略......
  xfsdump-3.1.12-4.el9_3.x86_64

Complete!

3、安装相关管理软件包：dnf install -y virt-install virt-manager virt-viewer openssh-askpass xorg-x11-server-utils xorg-x11-utils xorg-x11-xauth xorg-x11-xinit

# dnf install -y virt-install virt-manager virt-viewer openssh-askpass xorg-x11-server-utils xorg-x11-utils xorg-x11-xauth xorg-x11-xinit
Last metadata expiration check: 0:17:05 ago on Sun 20 Jul 2025 09:24:40 PM CST.
Dependencies resolved.
==================================================================================================================
 Package                          Architecture      Version                            Repository            Size
==================================================================================================================
Installing:
 openssh-askpass                  x86_64            8.7p1-45.el9.rocky.0.1             appstream             17 k
......此处省略......
 libvirt-daemon-kvm               x86_64            10.10.0-7.3.el9_6                  appstream             29 k

Transaction Summary
==================================================================================================================
Install  27 Packages
Upgrade   1 Package

Total download size: 5.9 M
Downloading Packages:
(1/28): python3-argcomplete-1.12.0-5.el9.noarch.rpm                               197 kB/s |  61 kB     00:00
......此处省略......
(28/28): libxml2-2.9.13-10.el9_6.x86_64.rpm                                       3.6 MB/s | 746 kB     00:00
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total                                                                             4.0 MB/s | 5.9 MB     00:01
Running transaction check
Transaction check succeeded.
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded.
Running transaction
  Preparing        :                                                                                          1/1
  Upgrading        : libxml2-2.9.13-10.el9_6.x86_64                                                          1/29
......此处省略......
  Verifying        : libxml2-2.9.13-9.el9_6.x86_64                                                          29/29

Upgraded:
  libxml2-2.9.13-10.el9_6.x86_64
Installed:
  gtk-vnc2-1.3.0-2.el9.x86_64                            gtksourceview4-4.8.1-5.el9.x86_64
......此处省略......
  xorriso-1.5.4-5.el9_5.x86_64

Complete!

4、启动libvirtd服务并设置服务自启动：systemctl enable –now libvirtd.service

# systemctl enable --now libvirtd.service
Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/libvirtd.service → /usr/lib/systemd/system/libvirtd.service.
Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/sockets.target.wants/libvirtd.socket → /usr/lib/systemd/system/libvirtd.socket.
Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/sockets.target.wants/libvirtd-ro.socket → /usr/lib/systemd/system/libvirtd-ro.socket.
Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/sockets.target.wants/libvirtd-admin.socket → /usr/lib/systemd/system/libvirtd-admin.socket.
# systemctl status libvirtd.service
● libvirtd.service - libvirt legacy monolithic daemon
     Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/libvirtd.service; enabled; preset: disabled)
     Active: active (running) since Sun 2025-07-20 21:44:41 CST; 9s ago
TriggeredBy: ● libvirtd-admin.socket
             ● libvirtd.socket
             ● libvirtd-ro.socket
       Docs: man:libvirtd(8)
             https://libvirt.org/
   Main PID: 5808 (libvirtd)
      Tasks: 22 (limit: 32768)
     Memory: 50.4M
        CPU: 472ms
     CGroup: /system.slice/libvirtd.service
             ├─5808 /usr/sbin/libvirtd --timeout 120
             ├─5911 /usr/sbin/dnsmasq --conf-file=/var/lib/libvirt/dnsmasq/default.conf --leasefile-ro --dhcp-scr>
             └─5912 /usr/sbin/dnsmasq --conf-file=/var/lib/libvirt/dnsmasq/default.conf --leasefile-ro --dhcp-scr>

Jul 20 21:44:41 kvm-server01 systemd[1]: Started libvirt legacy monolithic daemon.
Jul 20 21:44:41 kvm-server01 dnsmasq[5911]: started, version 2.85 cachesize 150
Jul 20 21:44:41 kvm-server01 dnsmasq[5911]: compile time options: IPv6 GNU-getopt DBus no-UBus no-i18n IDN2 DHCP >
Jul 20 21:44:41 kvm-server01 dnsmasq-dhcp[5911]: DHCP, IP range 192.168.122.2 -- 192.168.122.254, lease time 1h
Jul 20 21:44:41 kvm-server01 dnsmasq-dhcp[5911]: DHCP, sockets bound exclusively to interface virbr0
Jul 20 21:44:41 kvm-server01 dnsmasq[5911]: reading /etc/resolv.conf
Jul 20 21:44:41 kvm-server01 dnsmasq[5911]: using nameserver 192.168.80.254#53
Jul 20 21:44:41 kvm-server01 dnsmasq[5911]: read /etc/hosts - 2 addresses
Jul 20 21:44:41 kvm-server01 dnsmasq[5911]: read /var/lib/libvirt/dnsmasq/default.addnhosts - 0 addresses
Jul 20 21:44:41 kvm-server01 dnsmasq-dhcp[5911]: read /var/lib/libvirt/dnsmasq/default.hostsfile

5、重启系统：reboot
6、使用支持 X11 转发的终端（如 MobaXterm）通过 SSH 连接至服务器，执行 virt-manager 命令，即可调用图形化界面管理 KVM。