Rockylinux 9.x YUM 安装 MySQL 8.0

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1、Rocky Linux 9.x 系统默认集成了 MySQL 8.0 的仓库源，因此可以通过 dnf 命令直接在线安装，优点是操作简单快捷，缺点是 MySQL 的小版本随系统仓库更新，无法自由选择较新的小版本。
2、本文采用的是 MySQL 官方仓库源进行安装，优点是可灵活选择并安装最新的小版本，缺点是相较系统仓库安装方式，步骤稍微多一些。

1、安装 MySQL 官方 YUM 仓库：dnf install -y https://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql84-community-release-el9-2.noarch.rpm

# dnf install -y https://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql84-community-release-el9-2.noarch.rpm
mysql84-community-release-el9-2.noarch.rpm                           5.0 kB/s |  14 kB     00:02
Dependencies resolved.
=====================================================================================================
 Package                             Architecture     Version           Repository          Size
=====================================================================================================
Installing:
 mysql84-community-release           noarch           el9-2             @commandline        14 k

Transaction Summary
=====================================================================================================
Install  1 Package

Total size: 14 k
Installed size: 16 k
Downloading Packages:
Running transaction check
Transaction check succeeded.
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded.
Running transaction
  Preparing        :                                                                         1/1
  Installing       : mysql84-community-release-el9-2.noarch                                  1/1
  Running scriptlet: mysql84-community-release-el9-2.noarch                                  1/1
  Verifying        : mysql84-community-release-el9-2.noarch                                  1/1

Installed:
  mysql84-community-release-el9-2.noarch

Complete!

2、查看已启用仓库：dnf repolist all | grep mysql

# dnf repolist all | grep mysql
mysql-8.4-lts-community                      MySQL 8.4 LTS Community Se enabled
mysql-8.4-lts-community-debuginfo            MySQL 8.4 LTS Community Se disabled
mysql-8.4-lts-community-source               MySQL 8.4 LTS Community Se disabled
mysql-cluster-8.0-community                  MySQL Cluster 8.0 Communit disabled
mysql-cluster-8.0-community-debuginfo        MySQL Cluster 8.0 Communit disabled
mysql-cluster-8.0-community-source           MySQL Cluster 8.0 Communit disabled
mysql-cluster-8.4-lts-community              MySQL Cluster 8.4 LTS Comm disabled
mysql-cluster-8.4-lts-community-debuginfo    MySQL Cluster 8.4 LTS Comm disabled
mysql-cluster-8.4-lts-community-source       MySQL Cluster 8.4 LTS Comm disabled
mysql-cluster-innovation-community           MySQL Cluster Innovation R disabled
mysql-cluster-innovation-community-debuginfo MySQL Cluster Innovation R disabled
mysql-cluster-innovation-community-source    MySQL Cluster Innovation R disabled
mysql-connectors-community                   MySQL Connectors Community enabled
mysql-connectors-community-debuginfo         MySQL Connectors Community disabled
mysql-connectors-community-source            MySQL Connectors Community disabled
mysql-innovation-community                   MySQL Innovation Release C disabled
mysql-innovation-community-debuginfo         MySQL Innovation Release C disabled
mysql-innovation-community-source            MySQL Innovation Release C disabled
mysql-tools-8.4-lts-community                MySQL Tools 8.4 LTS Commun enabled
mysql-tools-8.4-lts-community-debuginfo      MySQL Tools 8.4 LTS Commun disabled
mysql-tools-8.4-lts-community-source         MySQL Tools 8.4 LTS Commun disabled
mysql-tools-community                        MySQL Tools Community      disabled
mysql-tools-community-debuginfo              MySQL Tools Community - De disabled
mysql-tools-community-source                 MySQL Tools Community - So disabled
mysql-tools-innovation-community             MySQL Tools Innovation Com disabled
mysql-tools-innovation-community-debuginfo   MySQL Tools Innovation Com disabled
mysql-tools-innovation-community-source      MySQL Tools Innovation Com disabled
mysql80-community                            MySQL 8.0 Community Server disabled
mysql80-community-debuginfo                  MySQL 8.0 Community Server disabled
mysql80-community-source                     MySQL 8.0 Community Server disabled

3、禁用 8.4 仓库，启用 8.0 仓库：
# dnf config-manager –disable mysql-8.4-lts-community mysql-tools-8.4-lts-community
# dnf config-manager –enable mysql80-community mysql-tools-community
4、安装MySQL：dnf install -y mysql-community-server

# dnf install -y mysql-community-server
MySQL Connectors Community                                            38 kB/s |  90 kB     00:02
MySQL 8.0 Community Server                                           767 kB/s | 2.7 MB     00:03
MySQL Tools Community                                                262 kB/s | 1.2 MB     00:04
Last metadata expiration check: 0:00:01 ago on Tue 29 Jul 2025 08:00:28 PM CST.
Dependencies resolved.
=====================================================================================================
 Package                           Arch      Version                      Repository            Size
=====================================================================================================
Installing:
 mysql-community-server            x86_64    8.0.43-1.el9                 mysql80-community     50 M
Installing dependencies:
 libaio                            x86_64    0.3.111-13.el9               baseos                23 k
......此处省略......
 net-tools                         x86_64    2.0-0.64.20160912git.el9     baseos               294 k

Transaction Summary
=====================================================================================================
Install  8 Packages

Total download size: 59 M
Installed size: 338 M
Downloading Packages:
(1/8): mysql-community-common-8.0.43-1.el9.x86_64.rpm                336 kB/s | 556 kB     00:01
......此处省略......
(8/8): mysql-community-server-8.0.43-1.el9.x86_64.rpm                 14 MB/s |  50 MB     00:03
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total                                                                9.4 MB/s |  59 MB     00:06
MySQL 8.0 Community Server                                           3.0 MB/s | 3.1 kB     00:00
Importing GPG key 0xA8D3785C:
 Userid     : "MySQL Release Engineering "
 Fingerprint: BCA4 3417 C3B4 85DD 128E C6D4 B7B3 B788 A8D3 785C
 From       : /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql-2023
Key imported successfully
MySQL 8.0 Community Server                                           3.0 MB/s | 3.1 kB     00:00
Importing GPG key 0x3A79BD29:
 Userid     : "MySQL Release Engineering "
 Fingerprint: 859B E8D7 C586 F538 430B 19C2 467B 942D 3A79 BD29
 From       : /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql-2022
Key imported successfully
Running transaction check
Transaction check succeeded.
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded.
Running transaction
  Preparing        :                                                                         1/1
  Installing       : mysql-community-common-8.0.43-1.el9.x86_64                              1/8
......此处省略......
  Verifying        : libaio-0.3.111-13.el9.x86_64                                            8/8

Installed:
  libaio-0.3.111-13.el9.x86_64                        mysql-community-client-8.0.43-1.el9.x86_64
......此处省略......
  mysql-community-server-8.0.43-1.el9.x86_64          net-tools-2.0-0.64.20160912git.el9.x86_64

Complete!

5、启动并设置服务开机启动：systemctl enable –now mysqld

# systemctl enable --now mysqld
# systemctl status mysqld
● mysqld.service - MySQL Server
     Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service; enabled; preset: disabled)
     Active: active (running) since Tue 2025-07-29 20:02:06 CST; 5s ago
       Docs: man:mysqld(8)
             http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.html
    Process: 3776 ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/mysqld_pre_systemd (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
   Main PID: 3897 (mysqld)
     Status: "Server is operational"
      Tasks: 38 (limit: 48698)
     Memory: 490.7M
        CPU: 3.685s
     CGroup: /system.slice/mysqld.service
             └─3897 /usr/sbin/mysqld

Jul 29 20:01:56 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Starting MySQL Server...
Jul 29 20:02:06 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Started MySQL Server.

6、查验安装版本：mysqladmin -V

# mysqladmin -V
mysqladmin  Ver 8.0.43 for Linux on x86_64 (MySQL Community Server - GPL)

7、查看root用户临时密码：grep ‘temporary password’ /var/log/mysqld.log

# grep 'temporary password' /var/log/mysqld.log
2025-07-29T12:02:02.627256Z 6 [Note] [MY-010454] [Server] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: ,iP-yZ,uj9d%

至此，MySQL 已完成安装部署。若在生产环境中使用，建议继续执行下面的初始化配置操作，以提升安全性与稳定性。

1、使用临时密码执行 mysql_secure_installation 命令进行初始化操作：mysql_secure_installation

# mysql_secure_installation

Securing the MySQL server deployment.

Enter password for user root:  # 输入临时密码

The existing password for the user account root has expired. Please set a new password.

New password:  # 设置新密码

Re-enter new password:  # 确认新密码
The 'validate_password' component is installed on the server.
The subsequent steps will run with the existing configuration
of the component.
Using existing password for root.

Estimated strength of the password: 100
Change the password for root ? ((Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : No  # 输入No无需再次更换密码

 ... skipping.
By default, a MySQL installation has an anonymous user,
allowing anyone to log into MySQL without having to have
a user account created for them. This is intended only for
testing, and to make the installation go a bit smoother.
You should remove them before moving into a production
environment.

Remove anonymous users? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : Yes  # 输入Yes确认删除匿名用户
Success.


Normally, root should only be allowed to connect from
'localhost'. This ensures that someone cannot guess at
the root password from the network.

Disallow root login remotely? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : Yes  # 输入Yes禁止root远程登录
Success.

By default, MySQL comes with a database named 'test' that
anyone can access. This is also intended only for testing,
and should be removed before moving into a production
environment.


Remove test database and access to it? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : Yes  # 输入Yes删除test测试数据库
 - Dropping test database...
Success.

 - Removing privileges on test database...
Success.

Reloading the privilege tables will ensure that all changes
made so far will take effect immediately.

Reload privilege tables now? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : Yes  # 输入Yes重新加载权限表
Success.

All done!

2、初始化执行了以下安全加固措施：
    1、重设了 root 密码
    2、保留已有密码，不再二次更改
    3、删除匿名用户
    4、禁止 root 用户远程登录
    5、删除 test 数据库
    6、刷新权限表

正文完